Abstract: The aim of this study was to use microscopic and molecular techniques to evaluate the effects of a single session of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on the alveolar repair process after tooth extraction in rats. The study sample included 84 rats divided into four groups, as follows: a) Control - untreated socket; b) Laser - socket treated using photobiomodulation; c) TBO - socket treated with topic application of the photosensitizer agent, toluidine blue O (TBO); and d) aPDT - socket treated with TBO and laser irradiation. An additional rat was used for thermal mapping during socket irradiation. The animals were euthanatized at 6, 15, and 28 days after unilateral extraction of the upper incisor. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of the connective and bone tissues, blood clot, blood vessel, and inflammatory infiltrate were performed, and real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to study the expression of genes (collagen type I, osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase [ALP], runt-related transcription factor 2 [RUNX2], and vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]) involved in the bone healing process. No statistically significant differences in microscopic and molecular outcomes were observed between the groups (p > 0.05). A positive correlation was seen to exist between blood clot and VEGF (p = 0.000), and a negative correlation was observed between bone tissue and ALP (p = 0.028) and blood vessel and VEGF (p = 0.018). A single session of aPDT in the dental extraction site did not influence the alveolar repair process in rats.

Resumo: Objetivo A variabilidade na densidade e diversidade de espécies de crustáceos decápodes foi investigada em quatro ilhas com diferentes graus de perturbação antropogênica em torno da cidade de Belém, Estado do Pará. Métodos Foram obtidas amostras de 15 canais de maré utilizando armadilhas artesanais, a cada três meses, entre outubro de 2013 e maio de 2014 nas ilhas Combu, Onças, Cotijuba e Mosqueiro. Resultados A salinidade e a temperatura variaram pouco, o que é comum em um estuário amazônico tropical fortemente influenciado pelo influxo de água doce. Foram capturados um total de 8.367 decápodes, com um registro de uma espécie exótica, Penaeus monodon. Em todas as estações, a densidade e riqueza de decápodes aumentou de Combu para Mosqueiro, com a crescente proximidade do mar e maior salinidade e pH. Com exceção de Combu, a riqueza de espécies e diversidade de Margalef tendeu a ser ligeiramente maior na estação chuvosa em todas as ilhas, especialmente em Onças. A Equitabilidade e a diversidade de Shannon foram semelhantes entre as estações, mas eram mais baixas em Onças na estação seca e mais alta em Combu, diminuindo para Mosqueiro na estação chuvosa. Em geral, os índices ecológicos são semelhantes na estação seca e na transição da seca para a estação chuvosa, na estação chuvosa a dominância ocorre na Ilha de Mosqueiro. M. acanthurus, C. bocourti e P. gracillis foram associadas à estação das chuvas, enquanto que M. surinamicum prefere a estação seca. M. amazonicum e Macrobrachium sp. não têm um padrão de ocorrência sazonal definido em todas as ilhas. Conclusões Apesar das perturbações antropogênicas e da proximidade a grandes populações humanas, especialmente na Ilha do Mosqueiro, a densidade e diversidade de crustáceos decápodes parecem ser razoavelmente não afetadas no momento.

Abstract: Aim The variability in density and species diversity of decapod crustaceans was investigated on four islands with different degrees of anthropogenic disturbance around the city of Belém, State of Pará. Methods Samples were obtained from 15 creeks using artisanal traps, every three months between October 2013 and May 2014 on Combu, Onças, Cotijuba and Mosqueiro islands. Results Salinity and temperature little varied, which is common for a tropical Amazon estuary strongly influenced by freshwater inflow. A total of 8,367 decapods were captured, with one record of an exotic species Penaeus monodon. In all seasons, decapod density and richness tended to increase from Combu to Mosqueiro, with increasing proximity to the sea and higher salinity and pH. Except for Combu, species richness and Margalef diversity tended to be slightly greater in the wet season at all islands, especially Onças. Eveness and Shannon diversity did not vary greatly between seasons but were lowest at Onças in the dry season and highest at Combu, decreasing to Mosqueiro, in the wet season. In general, ecological indices are similar in the dry and transition dry to wet seasons, and in the wet season, dominance occurs at Mosqueiro Island. Macrobrachium acanthurus, C. bocourti and P. gracillis were associated with the wet season, whereas M. surinamicum prefers the dry season. M. amazonicum and Macrobrachium sp. have no well-defined seasonal pattern of occurrence at all the islands. Conclusions Despite anthropogenic disturbances and proximity to large human populations, especially on Mosqueiro Island, the density and diversity of decapod crustaceans appear to be reasonably unaffected for the moment.

Abstract Aim: This study aimed to investigate the presence of women coaches in table tennis certification courses carried out by national and international federations. Methods: We carried out an analysis on documents extracted from the official websites of the Brazilian Table Tennis Confederation (CBTM) and the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF). Those documents presented the certificated coaches by each organization. We also collected information about the location of the coach according to the five macro-regions of Brazil. Results: We found a greater frequency of men (89.3%) compared to women (10.7%) in ITTF courses and, in Brazil, we also found a higher rate of men (83.7%) compared to women (16.3%) certified by CBTM. We found no increase in women's participation in ITFF courses over the years. In both national and international courses, most of the women coaches (international = 36%; national = 46.4%) were from the Southeast, while few women coaches were found in the Northeast and North. Conclusion: The findings of our study reveal that the training process of table tennis coaches is still mostly occupied by men. We also found a discrepancy between the macro-regions of the country where most women coaches are from the Southeast. CBTM managed to almost double the women's representation among coaches (from 10.7% to 16%) due to the policy that has been adopted in an attempt to increase the number of women in the sport. We highlight the importance of gender equality policies to improve women coaches’ participation in table tennis.

Abstract Fish local knowledge is important to recognize species and contribute to conservation and management strategies. Thus, our aim was to provide diagnostic information for the rapid identification of Mugilidae species in Caeté-Taperaçu Extractive Reserve in Bragança (PA) in northern Brazil. A total of 28 fishers were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Most of the interviewees have lived in their resident village since birth and have been involved in artisanal fishers for at least 12 years. Eight generic folk taxa were identified, including ‘tainha’, which was the vernacular name most used to define the Mugil genus. Each scientific species had at least two folk generic taxa and one species. Mugil curema, M. rubrioculus, and M. trichodon were all included in the same ethnospecies, ‘tainha chata’. Most of the scientific species were referred to at least once as the ethnospecies ‘caica’, this name was applied most often to Mugil brevirostris, which is the smallest species found in northern Brazil. The principal characteristics used by the fishers were morphological traits, however, some behavioral characteristics were also taken into account. These findings should contribute to the elaboration of ethnotaxonomic keys that facilitate the rapid identification of Mugil harvested by the region’s artisanal and industrial fisheries.

Resumo O conhecimento local sobre peixes é importante para reconhecer espécies e contribui para estratégias de conservação e manejo. Nosso objetivo foi fornecer informações diagnósticas para a rápida identificação das espécies de Mugilidae da região da Reserva Extrativista Marinha Caeté Taperaçu (PA), Norte do Brasil. Um total de 28 pescadores foi entrevistado por meio de questionários semiestruturados. A maioria dos entrevistados vive na sua aldeia residente desde o nascimento e está envolvida na pesca artesanal há pelo menos 12 anos. Oito táxons populares genéricos foram identificados por esses pescadores, incluindo ‘tainha’, que era o nome vernacular mais usado para definir o gênero Mugil. Cada espécie científica tinha pelo menos dois táxons genéricos populares e uma espécie. Mugil curema, M. rubrioculus e M. trichodon foram todos incluídos na mesma etnoespécie, ‘tainha chata’. A maioria das espécies científicas foi referida pelo menos uma vez como etnoespécie ‘caica’, este nome foi aplicado mais frequentemente a Mugil brevirostris, que é a menor espécie encontrada no Norte do Brasil. As principais características utilizadas pelos pescadores foram os traços morfológicos, porém, algumas características comportamentais também foram levadas em consideração. Esses achados devem contribuir para a elaboração de chaves etnotaxonômicas que facilitem a rápida identificação de Mugil capturadas pela pesca artesanal e industrial da região.

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar fatores associados à omissão do café da manhã em pré-escolares e avaliar a relação dose-dependente entre frequência de consumo desta refeição e prevalência de excesso de peso. Métodos Estudo transversal com 463 crianças (24-59 meses de idade) da área urbana de Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil. Coletou-se dados sociodemográficos, estado nutricional materno e da criança, hábito de vida e práticas alimentares infantis usando questionário padronizado e recordatório alimentar habitual em visitas domiciliares. A omissão do café da manhã foi definida como frequência de consumo “menor que sete dias por semana”. Com base no índice de massa corporal por idade, as crianças foram classificadas com excesso de peso se escore-z ≥ 2. Utilizou-se regressão logística múltipla para avaliar associação entre as variáveis pesquisadas e a omissão do café da manhã. A relação dose-dependente entre frequência do café da manhã e excesso de peso foi determinada pelo teste de tendência. Resultados A prevalência de omissão do café da manhã foi 8.42% (IC95%: 6.1-11.3). Houve associação entre o hábito de trocar o jantar por lanche (OR ajustado: 2.61 (IC95%:1.25-5.46); p=0.010) e o excesso de peso materno (OR ajustado: 2.63, IC95%:1.29-5.37; p=0.008) com a omissão do café da manhã. A prevalência de excesso de peso diminui quando a frequência do consumo do café da manhã aumenta (p=0.035). Conclusão Há associação dose-resposta entre excesso de peso e omissão do café da manhã. Crianças que trocam o jantar por lanche e têm mães com excesso de peso apresentam maior chance de omitirem o café da manhã.

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate factors associated with skipping breakfast in preschoolers and test a dose-dependent relationship between the frequency of breakfast consumption and the prevalence of overweight/obesity. Methods This is a cross-sectional study, carried out with 463 children (24 to 59 months of age) who live in the urban location of Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. Sociodemographic data, maternal and child nutritional status, lifestyle, and dietary practices were collected using a standardized questionnaire and Habitual Food Recall during a home-based interview. Skipping breakfast was defined as a frequency of consumption “less than seven days a week”. Based on body mass index by age, children were classified as overweight/obese if Z-score ≥2. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the association between the variables surveyed and skipping breakfast. The dose-dependent relationship between breakfast frequency and overweight/obesity was determined by the trend test. Results The prevalence of skipping breakfast was 8.42% (95%IC: 6.1-11.3). There was an association between the habit of substituting dinner for a sandwich/snack (adjusted OR: 2.61, 95%IC: 1.25-5.46; p=0.010) and the mother’s overweight (adjusted OR: 2.63; 95%CI: 1.29-5.37; p=0.008) with the habit of skipping breakfast. The trend test shows that the prevalence of overweight/obesity decreases as the frequency of breakfast consumption increases (p=0.035). Additionally, when assessing the quality of breakfast, frequent consumption of foods considered unhealthy was observed. Conclusion There is a dose-response association between overweight/obesity and skipping breakfast. Children who substitute traditional dinner for a sandwich/snack and whose mothers are overweight are more likely to skip breakfast.

Resumo A região Sul do Brasil em função de sua localização geográfica é caracterizada pela diversidade de sistemas meteorológicos que atuam o ano inteiro, resultando em condições adversas de tempo. Este trabalho analisa os eventos extremos de precipitação caracterizando-os conforme sua persistência e abrangência, e os padrões atmosféricos relacionados. O desenvolvimento de um algoritmo computacional permitiu a identificação e conhecimento da abrangência espacial dos eventos extremos de precipitação, os quais foram classificados em caráter abrangente e não-abrangente, resultando quatro grupos de chuvas identificados conforme os critérios de intensidade, persistência e abrangência. Os resultados mostraram que o verão é a estação preferencial para ocorrência de eventos extremos em todas categorias analisadas e um maior número de eventos ocorre entre o norte do Rio Grande do Sul e o Paraná, e para os casos de Chuva Persistente o litoral de Santa Catarina se mostra uma região favorável a este tipo de evento. Entre os principais processos atmosféricos para ocorrência de eventos extremos com caráter abrangente são a disponibilidade de umidade nas camadas mais baixas da troposfera, juntamente com o jato de altos níveis e um cavado em médios níveis.

Abstract The southern region of Brazil is characterized, due to its geographical location, by the diversity of meteorological systems operating throughout the year, resulting in adverse weather conditions. This work analyzes the extreme events of precipitation, characterizing them according to their persistence and comprehensiveness, and the related atmospheric patterns. The development of a computational algorithm allowed the identification and knowledge of the spatial comprehensiveness of the extreme precipitation events, which were classified in a comprehensive and noncomprehensive character, resulting in four precipitation groups identified according to the criteria of intensity, persistence and comprehensiveness. The results showed that summer is the preferred season for the occurrence of extreme events in all the analyzed categories, a greater number of events occur between the northern Rio Grande do Sul and Paraná, and for the cases of Persistent Rain, the Santa Catarina coast is a region favorable to this type of event. Among the main atmospheric processes for the occurrence of extreme events with a comprehensive character are the humidity availability in the lower layers of the troposphere, along with jet in high level and a dug in medium levels.

Although Leishmania infantum is well-known as the aethiological agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), in some Central American countries it may cause atypical non-ulcerated cutaneous leishmaniasis (NUCL). However, the mechanisms favoring its establishment in the skin are still unknown. Lipophosphoglycan (LPG) is the major Leishmania multivirulence factor involved in parasite-host interaction. In the case of viscerotropic L. infantum, it causes an immunosuppression during the interaction with macrophages. Here, we investigated the biochemical and functional roles of LPGs from four dermotropic L. infantum strains from Honduras during in vitro interaction with murine macrophages. LPGs were extracted, purified and their repeat units analysed. They did not have side chains consisting of Gal(β1,4)Man(α1)-PO4 common to all LPGs. Peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c and C57BL/6 were exposed to LPG for nitric oxide (NO) and cytokine (TNF-α and, IL-6) production. LPGs from dermotropic strains from Honduras triggered higher NO and cytokine levels compared to those from viscerotropic strains. In conclusion, LPGs from dermotropic strains are devoid of side-chains and exhibit high pro-inflammatory activity.

Abstract The creation of a genetic resource bank of avian species aims to prevent the decline and fragmentation of wild bird populations, which in turn lead to the loss of genetic diversity and, in more serious cases, the extinction of the most threatened species. In order for the collected genetic material to be stored in a bank and useful when necessary, it is essential to improve the technique ensuring its effectiveness. Thus, our study used feather follicle cells from the domestic gallus species to standardize the technique of cell culture and subsequent cryopreservation. This study aimed to establish a protocol, in vitro, of isolation and primary culture of somatic cells derived from the feather follicle, with the purpose of establishing a cell lineage, and evaluate its viability for the biobank formation. Developing feathers of gallus domesticus were collected at 12, 21 and 34 days of age. The feathers were morphologically analyzed and then we selected the region of the calamus due to the presence of pulp for cell culture and cryopreservation. The results showed that it is possible to find cells with distinct morphology; cells in elliptical shape with central nucleus also in elliptical shape, cells with shape and round nucleus, cells compatible with the fibers of the barbules, cell agglomerates and cells adhered to the bottom of the plate with fibroblastatoid shape. After 24 hours of culture there was the presence of primary culture with 80% of confluence and after cryopreservation the average viability after freezing was 68.8%, with cellular morphologies being maintained. Therefore, we proved the isolation of somatic cells from the follicle of bird’s feathers, suggesting that this is a source of great value, viable and effective for obtaining biological material for the elaboration of a biobank.

Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on tooth extraction sites in rats treated with bisphosphonates. Thirty Albinus Wistar male rats were administered 0.035 mg/kg zoledronic acid intravenously for 8 weeks, divided into four administrations with a 2-week interval between each application, after which their upper right central incisors were extracted to induce the development of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). The samples were divided into the following two groups: Group 1 (G1) underwent marginal resection of BRONJ followed by the use of PRP, while Group 2 (G2) underwent resection of BRONJ but without the use of PRP. The treatment groups were evaluated after 14, 28, and 42 days. Clinical, microtomographic, microscopic, and immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluations were performed. Microtomography results revealed no significant difference between the groups (p <0.05) in any time period. Histomorphometric analysis showed increased bone formation over time for both groups (p < 0.001). G1 demonstrated a greater amount of new bone formation than G2 at 28 and 42 days (p < 0.001), with G1 presenting greater vascularization and a slightly higher VEGF expression. For both groups, RANKL/OPG expression levels were sufficient as a parameter for indicating the rate of bone remodeling in a previously treated area of osteonecrosis groups. Taken together, our findings indicated that the use of PRP improves the resolution process of BRONJ.

Based on numerical simulations performed with the WRF model for a frost event in Southern Brazil in July 2013, it was possible to test different physical parameterizations and evaluate these parameterizations in these weather conditions. Although the results do not show considerable statistical differences, the experiment utilizing the Dudhia for shortwave radiation, RRTM for longwave radiation schemes, WSM6 for microphysics and YSU for boundary layer showed better results in the frost event, as it had the lowest values of ME and RMSE for the minimum temperature, relative humidity and wind speed. However, it was not possible to determine which parametrization produce the largest impact from these experiments. A greater number of frost events must be simulated with WRF model in order to obtain a more robust statistical analysis.

A partir de simulaciones numéricas realizadas con el modelo WRF para un evento de helada en el sur de Brasil, en julio de 2013, es posible evaluar diferentes parametrizaciones físicas y determinar las que más se adaptan en estas condiciones meteorológicas. Aunque los resultados no demuestran grandes diferencias estadísticas, el conjunto de parametrizaciones que utiliza los esquemas Dudhia de onda corta, RRTM de onda larga, WSM6 para microfísica y el esquema YSU para capa límite planetaria, fue el más ajustado en un evento de helada, ya que presenta los valores más bajos de ME y RMSE para la temperatura mínima, humedad relativa y velocidad del viento. Sin embargo, no se puede determinar qué parametrización influye más a partir de estos resultados. Es importante destacar que las parametrizaciones aún deben probarse con más eventos de helada simuladas por el modelo WRF, con la finalidad de obtener un análisis estadístico más robusto.

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the success rate of the implants and the survival rate of the eyelid prosthesis, as well as the quality of the peri-implant soft tissue. Material and method: A retrospective study was conducted, after approval of the Ethics Committee, using the medical records of all cancer patients with orbital deformities, and who received implants for rehabilitation with eyelid prosthesis, between the period 2003 to 2015. Two outcome variables were considered for the study: the success rate of the implants and the survival rate of the eyelid prosthesis. Data were analysed using the Kaplan-Meier test. Results: A total of 33 extra-oral implants were installed in 14 patients. The success rate of the implants was 96.9%, and the survival rate of the eyelid prosthesis was 92.3% at 2 years. Conclusions: The rehabilitation of the orbital region with extra-oral implants is a safe, reliable and predictable technique to restore the facial aesthetics of the patient and improve their quality of life.

Resumen Objetivos: Evaluar la tasa de éxito de los implantes y la tasa de supervivencia de las prótesis oculopalpebrales, así como la calidad de los tejidos blandos periimplantarios. Material y método: Con aprobación del Comité de Ética, fue realizado un estudio retrospectivo de las historias clínicas de todos los pacientes oncológicos con deformidades orbitarias que recibieron implantes para la rehabilitación con prótesis oculopalpebrales, entre los años 2003 y 2015. Se consideraron 2 variables de resultado para el estudio: la tasa de éxito de los implantes y la tasa de supervivencia de las prótesis. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el método de Kaplan-Meier. Resultados: Fueron instalados 33 implantes extraorales en 14 pacientes. La tasa de éxito de los implantes fue del 96,9% y la tasa de supervivencia de las prótesis oculopalpebrales a los 2 años fue del 92,3%. Conclusiones: La rehabilitación de la región orbitaria con implantes extraorales es una técnica segura, confiable y predecible para restaurar la estética facial del paciente y mejorar su calidad de vida.

Resumo Frente ao significativo crescimento da produção de edifícios de apartamentos na última década no Brasil, vislumbrou-se a necessidade de se analisar sua qualidade. Assim, este artigo apresenta os principais resultados da pesquisa intitulada "Habitar vertical: avaliação da qualidade espacial e ambiental de edifícios de apartamentos", que objetivou investigar a qualidade de empreendimentos habitacionais multifamiliares destinados à classe média e lançados pelo mercado imobiliário nas cidades de Uberlândia, MG, e Ribeirão Preto, SP. Essa comunicação aborda a fundamentação teórica da pesquisa e sua metodologia, bem como expõe alguns resultados que enfocam questões relativas à funcionalidade e à qualidade ambiental das habitações - derivados da aplicação de instrumentos de avaliação pós-ocupação (APO) em quatro estudos de caso. Os resultados apontam para o descumprimento de parâmetros básicos de funcionalidade nos edifícios avaliados, em função da redução dimensional dos apartamentos, da excessiva compartimentação dos espaços e da sobreposição de usos não planejada. Indicam também a incipiente incorporação de estratégias de sustentabilidade nos edifícios, além do baixo nível de consciência ambiental dos moradores. Acredita-se que bancos de dados alimentados por APO possam nortear o processo de concepção de produções imobiliárias que visem a uma maior qualidade do ambiente construído.

Abstract The significant growth in the production of apartment buildings in recent years in Brazil has led to the need to analyse the quality of the residential units and of the housing projects that have been built. Hence, this paper presents the main results of the research study entitled "Vertical housing: an evaluation of the spatial and environmental quality of apartment buildings", which has investigated the quality of multi-family housing projects aimed at the middle-class segment and built in the Brazilian mid-sized cities of Uberlândia, MG, and Ribeirão Preto, SP. This paper discusses the theoretical basis of the research study and its methodology, and presents results that focus on issues related to the functional and environmental quality of housing - derived from the application of Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) tools in four case studies. These results point to the failure of basic parameters of functionality in the designs of the buildings that resulted from the reduction in apartment sizes, an excessive compartmentalization of spaces and an unplanned overlap of uses. The results also indicate an incipient incorporation of sustainability strategies in buildings, in addition to a low level of environmental awareness among their residents. Hence, we conclude that databases based on POE can be used to guide the design process in order to support the improvement of design quality in building production.

Abstract It is largely known that some oral diseases can be diagnosed based upon their clinical manifestation combined with the patient's medical history and generally not depending on examination. This is the case of some bone diseases such as osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ), osteomyelitis of the jaw (OMJ), and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). The present study aimed to analyze the histopathological features of these specific bone diseases in order to evaluate similarities and differences. Forty-four bone specimens resected from each bone disease (22 cases of ORNJ, 6 cases of OMJ, and 16 cases of MRONJ) were analyzed by two experienced oral pathologists without prior knowledge of the diagnosis, considering bone tissue condition, inflammation, vascularization, and the presence of microorganisms. In addition, the examiners formulated a diagnostic hypothesis for each specimen. Many histopathological similarities were found among the diseases, especially considering the presence of necrotic bone, inflammation, and microorganisms. Statistically significant differences were detected in empty bone lacunae, which was decreased in ORN (p = 0.042), and considering neutrophil count, which was low in the MRONJ group (p ≤ 0.001). The Kappa coefficient was calculated and agreement was detected based on the histopathological parameters, but not for diagnostic suggestion (p=0.23). In conclusion, histopathological aspects of ORNJ, OMJ, and MRONJ do not permit a conclusive diagnosis, emphasizing the necessity of a detailed clinical report.

ABSTRACT: Purpose Zygomatic implants (ZI) constitute a suitable alternative for treating severe maxillary atrophy. However, a large number of complications associated with ZI have been reported in the literature. This paper presents the late complications associated with ZI during 12 years of experience in the same institution. Materials and methods All cases of ZI from 2000 to 2013 were retrospectively evaluated and the major complications relating to this type of rehabilitation were selected to report. Results The major complications found were: loss of implant, loss of osseointegration, bucco-sinusal communication, fenestration of alveolar mucosa, sinus pathology, and emergency palate fixations. Conclusion The clinical experience of the dental surgeon is critical in the success of zygomatic fixation. Furthermore, there should be careful planning of rehabilitation to reduce the rate of complications.

RESUMO O cisto ósseo simples, ou cisto ósseo traumático, solitário ou cavidade óssea idiopática é um pseudocisto intra-ósseo descoberto através de um exame radiográfico panorâmico. Comumente, o cisto ósseo simples se apresenta como uma lesão assintomática, radiolúcida, unilocular, sem expansão de corticais, com margens festonando as raízes dentárias vitais da região afetada. A literatura tem recomendado que os aspectos clínicos e radiográficos do cisto ósseo simples são bastante convincentes do seu diagnóstico, portanto a proservação através de exame clínico e radiográfico tem sido sugerida. O presente caso ilustra um caso clínico de um grande cisto ósseo simples, o qual se apresentava multilocular e expansivo, numa criança de 7 anos. Diante da ansiedade dos pais e diagnóstico presuntivo de outras lesões mais agressivas, foi realizada a exploração cirúrgica, a qual confirmou o diagnóstico de cisto ósseo simples. O caso foi acompanhado e, após três anos, foi observada a total remodelação óssea da área afetada. Como conclusão, as lesões radiolúcidas assintomáticas que sugerirem um diagnóstico presuntivo muito indicativo de cisto ósseo simples, podem ser acompanhadas clínica e radiograficamente. Entretanto, as variações de apresentação clínica, como no presente caso clínico, requerem uma confirmação do diagnóstico, a qual é realizada através da exploração cirúrgica. O estabelecimento do diagnóstico torna a condução do caso mais segura para ambos o profissional e o paciente.

ABSTRACT The simple bone cyst,or traumatic bone cyst, solitary or idiopathic bone cavity is an intraosseous pseudocyst discovered through a panoramic radiographic examination. Commonly, the SBC is presented as an asymptomatic lesion, radiolucent, unilocular, without cortical expansion, with margins adorning vital tooth roots of the affected region. The literature has recommended that clinical and radiographic aspects of simple bone cyst are quite convincing as to diagnosis, so follow-up through clinical and radiographic examination has been suggested. This case illustrates an exuberant clinical case of simple bone cyst, which was presented as multilocular and expansive lesion in a 7-year-old patient. Surgical exploration was performed because her parents were anxious about the presumptive diagnosis of other more aggressive lesions. The diagnosis of SBC was confirmed. The case was monitored and, after three years, total bone remodeling of the affected area was observed. In conclusion, asymptomatic radiolucent lesions that suggest a strong presumptive diagnosis of a simple bone cyst can be clinically and radiographically monitored. However, clinical variations, as in the present clinical case, require confirmation of the diagnosis, which is performed through exploratory surgery. The establishment of the diagnosis affords the safest approach for both the professional and the patient.